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:''For the village, see Barton (village), Vermont.'' Barton is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2,780 at the 2000 census. The town includes two incorporated villages, Barton and Orleans. Approximately 30% of the town's population lived in the village of Orleans, 27% in the village of Barton, and 43% outside of the villages. There are only four other towns in the state containing two incorporated villages. ==History== Rogers' Rangers were forced to retreat through the area following their attack on Saint-Francis, Quebec in 1759. The fleeing rangers split up before getting to Barton. One group followed the Barton River south to the falls at the outlet of Crystal Lake where they were able to catch fish. From there, they continued south over the summit into the Passumpsic River Valley.〔, page 1〕 Barton was chartered on October 20, 1789.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Barton ) 〕 The grant was to sixty Revolutionary War soldiers, mainly from Rhode Island and including Admiral John Paul Jones, General William Barton, and Ira Allen.〔 Prior to formal chartering, the town was known as "Providence." From 1791 to 1793 Timothy Hinman built what is now called the "Hinman Settler Road" linking Barton south to Greensboro and north through Brownington to Derby and Canada.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=The Checkered Career of Timothy Hinman )〕 The early settlers of Barton found Indian wigwams, in a decayed condition, quite numerous in the vicinity of the outlet of Barton pond (sic), from which it was inferred that it was a favorite camping ground. It is stated that an Indian, Foosah, claimed he killed twenty-seven moose, beside large numbers of beaver and otter near this pond in the winter of 1783-84.〔 On June 6, 1810, the body of water known today as Runaway Pond flooded the Barton River Valley resulting in destruction, the results of which can still be seen today. In 1824, voters decided to fund education for all children.〔 An academy started operating in 1852 with 107 students. This was the forerunner of Barton Academy.〔 Railroad construction reached Barton in 1858.〔, page 14〕 The first train arrived in 1863.〔(Barton, Vermont - Business & Industry - Northeast Kingdom )〕 As each new railroad terminus was built, the stagecoaches used them as terminuses as well. The stage ran north from Barton from what is now the junction of State Road 58 and US 5, north to unite with the Hinman Settler Road which came out of Glover and ran up Barton Hill over what is now Maple Hill Road then straight over to what is now the Orleans Country Club and from there to Brownington. 182 men from the town volunteered to fight in the Civil War. By 1863, enthusiasm for the war had waned. Congress was forced to draft soldiers. The draft enabled people chosen to buy their way out of the draft for $300 or find a substitute, usually paying a bounty of $100. Barton's quota was 14. Out of the 14 originally chosen, seven bought their way out, six obtained a substitute. One served. There were a total of seven granite quarries in town. Around 1900, a granite quarry was located on the east side of Crystal Lake. Steamboats barged stone across the lake, or were slid across on the ice.〔 An Indian burial ground was discovered during the excavation for the new Barton Academy in 1907. There is no record of what happened to those artifacts. Increasing steadily, Barton's population reached a peak of 3,506 people in 1920. In 1921, the town put on a large pageant celebrating its 125th anniversary. A professional choreographer and playwright was hired. Three hundred townspeople performed, watched by 4,500 paying spectators, a record audience for the county at the time. The investment of $1,000 was recouped. The area was afterwards known as Pageant Park, now owned by the Barton village.〔 The Portland Pipeline company built a crude oil pipeline to Montreal from Portland, Maine in 1941 to avoid U-Boat attacks when shipping by sea during WWII. In 2005, the portion of the line that passes through Barton town was evaluated and taxed at $2,277,000.〔 The last one-room schools stopped operation in the late 1950s.〔 In 1964, a candlepin bowling alley was opened. Up to ten leagues used the facility. It closed in 2000. In 1967, the school districts turned over their inadequately sized high schools, Barton Academy and Orleans High School to elementary school use and replaced them with Lake Region Union High School. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barton, Vermont」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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